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You are here: Home Science Chemistry Periodic Table of the Elements Chromium

Chromium

Atomic Number:24
Symbol:Cr
Atomic Weight:51.996
Discovery:Vauquelin 1797
Electron Configuration:[Ar]4s13d5
Word Origin:Greek chroma: color
Properties:Chromium has a melting point of 1857+/-20°C, boiling point of 2672°C, specific gravity of 7.18 to 7.20 (20°C), with valences usually 2, 3, or 6. The metal is a lustous steel-gray color which takes a high polish. It is hard and resistant to corrosion. Chromium has a high melting point, stable crystalline structure, and moderate thermal expansion. All chromium compounds are colored. Chromium compounds are toxic.
Uses:Chromium is used to harden steel. It is a component of stainless steel and many other alloys. The metal is commonly used for plating to produce a shiny, hard surface that is resistant to corrosion. Chromium is used as a catalyst. It is added to glass to produce an emerald green color. Chromium compounds are important as pigments, mordants, and oxidizing agents.
Sources:The principal ore of chromium is chromite (FeCr2O4). The metal may be produced by reducing its oxide with aluminum.

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