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Most species small, averaging 15-30 cm, but a few grow to over 60 cm. Several genera and over 20 species in New Zealand waters. A commonly caught species, the javelin fish (Lepidorhynchus denticulatus) can be distinguished from most other grenadiers by its silvery body, and from hoki by its black ventral surface and blunt snout. Grenadiers or macrourids can be an important trawl by-catch and are generally captured in waters deeper than 200 m. The largest group of grenadier species are the rattails (Coelorinchus spp), abundant in 200-800 m, together with the javelin fish. They are potentially commercial, but macrourids are probably more important as food for other fish. Resource size (all species combined) unknown but possibly large, capable of an annual yield of 10,000-20,000 tonnes.

Average size 30-40 cm and less than 1 kg, but can grow to about 60 cm. Thick-bodied with a broad head and snout. Grey above, tinged with blue or green, with faint stripes along sides, silver below. Eye dull yellow. Large scales. Distinguished from yellow mullet by broader head and presence of lateral stripes. A surface dwelling coastal species rarely seen offshore. Most common in northern New Zealand in sheltered bays and harbours. Caught mainly by set nets and beach seines. Taken all year round but landings are highest November-march. Resource size unknown but probably small.

Average length 80-90 cm, average weight 6 kg, ranging from 3-20 kg. Grey-blue to grey-brown above, white below, and has small scales. Distinguished from the related but less common bass groper by its more slender body, pointed head, and protruding lower jaw. Found right around New Zealand, including the Chatham Rise but not the Campbell Plateau. Most common over or near rocky areas, down to 250 metres. Main fishing areas are the deep canyons off the East Coast of the North Island, Cook Strait, off Kaikoura and off the West Coast of the South Island. Caught mainly by longline and handline, though occasionally by trawl and recently set net. Available all year round but landings peak in mid winter during the spawning season, June-August. A small to moderate resource.

Groundspeople and sports turf managers are in charge of the turf (grass), tracks and pitches at sports fields, golf clubs and courses, public areas, schools and racecourses.

Groundspeople and sports turf managers are in charge of the turf (grass), tracks and pitches at sports fields, golf clubs and courses, public areas, schools and racecourses.

Groundspeople and sports turf managers are in charge of the turf (grass), tracks and pitches at sports fields, golf clubs and courses, public areas, schools and racecourses.

Groundspeople and sports turf managers are in charge of the turf (grass), tracks and pitches at sports fields, golf clubs and courses, public areas, schools and racecourses.

Groundspeople and sports turf managers are in charge of the turf (grass), tracks and pitches at sports fields, golf clubs and courses, public areas, schools and racecourses.

Groundspeople and sports turf managers are in charge of the turf (grass), tracks and pitches at sports fields, golf clubs and courses, public areas, schools and racecourses.