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Alfonsino
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Average length 30-50 cm, average weight 1-1.5 kg. Brilliant scarlet above, sides red with silver tinge. Large scales, large eye, tail deeply forked. Body more slender and smoother than the related red snapper which has rough scales with coarse spines on their margins. Alfonsino is widely dispersed around New Zealand at depths of 200-800 m but is common only in some locations and is nowhere abundant. Caught mainly by trawling. Resource size unknown but possibly moderate.
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Common Species
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Bluenose
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Average length 60-80 cm, average weight 6 kg but ranging from 3-20 kg. Dark blue-grey or above, paler to silver on sides and belly; small scales. Distinguished from the groper by a laterally-compressed body, a larger eye set lower on head, and a blunt snout. Distinguished from the related warehou species by a larger mouth, more prominent first dorsal fin, and obvious scales. Bluenose occur around New Zealand, and most common over or near rocky areas, 100-300 m. Caught by longline and a trawl by-catch. A moderate resource.
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Brill
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Average length 25-40 cm, some to about 90 cm. Average weight 1.8 kg. Brownish grey with fine longitudinal black lines. Shape oval, with short rostral hook on upper jaw. Most common in the south where it is caught in depths down to100 m as a by-catch from trawling. A very small resource, seldom available for export.
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Butterfish
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Average size 35-45 cm, weighing 1-1.5 kg, but can grow to 60 cm and about 2.5kg. Colour variable, usually blackish green, lighter below; younger fish, 15-20 cm, bronze coloured. Found in shallow coastal waters in rocky areas, New Zealand and Chatham Islands; most common in coastal areas around Cook Strait, least common in northern New Zealand. Caught commercially by set nets. Landed all year round. A very small resource.
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Cardinal
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Average length 40-70 cm. Dark brown, with large, loose scales. Widely distributed around New Zealand, apparently most common off the east coast of the North Island, in 300-800 m. sometimes trawled on shallow parts of some orange roughy grounds, or while fishing for alfonsino near pinnacles. Probably only a small resource.
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Blue Cod
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Average length 30-40 cm, average weight 1-3 kg, although fish up to 45 cm long and weighing 2.5 kg are common. Blue cod is a sand perch and not a true cod. Greenish-blue to blue-black above, with more brownish sides, and with moderate scales. Occurs in rocky areas throughout New Zealand coastal waters but most common in the colder waters of southern New Zealand and the Chatham Islands, to depths of 150 metres. Caught mainly by potting sometimes by handlining. Available all year round, but landings peak during the winter months and fall off substantially over the summer. A small resource.
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Red Cod
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Average length 40-70 cm, average weight 1.5-2.5 kg. Greyish red-brown above, becoming white with a pink flush below; a prominent dark spot in front of pectoral fin. Soft, easily dislodged scales. Found from shallow coastal water to over 700 m. Most abundant around the South Island in 100-300 m. Caught mainly by trawling; main grounds in the Canterbury Bight and off Westland. Landed all year round with main season from February to June. A moderate resource.
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